/*=========================================================================
 *
 *  Copyright NumFOCUS
 *
 *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *         https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt
 *
 *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *  limitations under the License.
 *
 *=========================================================================*/

#include "itkDOMNodeXMLReader.h"
#include "expat.h"

#include <fstream>

namespace itk
{

/**
 * The following three functions are called by the expat XML parser during the parsing process,
 * and the calls are forwarded to the callback functions of DOMNodeXMLReader.
 */

static void
itkXMLParserStartElement(void * parser, const char * name, const char ** atts)
{
  // Begin element handler that is registered with the XML_Parser.
  // This just casts the user data to an itkXMLParser and calls
  // StartElement.
  static_cast<DOMNodeXMLReader *>(parser)->StartElement(name, atts);
}

static void
itkXMLParserEndElement(void * parser, const char * name)
{
  // End element handler that is registered with the XML_Parser.  This
  // just casts the user data to an itkXMLParser and calls EndElement.
  static_cast<DOMNodeXMLReader *>(parser)->EndElement(name);
}

static void
itkXMLParserCharacterDataHandler(void * parser, const char * data, int length)
{
  // Character data handler that is registered with the XML_Parser.
  // This just casts the user data to an itkXMLParser and calls
  // CharacterDataHandler.
  static_cast<DOMNodeXMLReader *>(parser)->CharacterDataHandler(data, length);
}

DOMNodeXMLReader::DOMNodeXMLReader() = default;

/**
 * Function called by Update() or end-users to generate the output DOM object
 * from an input stream such as file, string, etc.
 */
void
DOMNodeXMLReader::Update(std::istream & is)
{
  if (m_DOMNodeXML.IsNull())
  {
    auto temp = OutputType::New();
    this->SetDOMNodeXML(temp);
  }
  m_DOMNodeXML->RemoveAllAttributesAndChildren();
  this->m_Context = nullptr;

  is >> std::noskipws;
  std::string s;
  while (true)
  {
    char c = 0;
    is >> c;
    if (!is.good())
    {
      break;
    }
    s.append(1, c);
  }

  XML_Parser parser = XML_ParserCreate(nullptr);
  XML_SetElementHandler(parser, &itkXMLParserStartElement, &itkXMLParserEndElement);
  XML_SetCharacterDataHandler(parser, &itkXMLParserCharacterDataHandler);
  XML_SetUserData(parser, this);

  bool ok = XML_Parse(parser, s.data(), static_cast<int>(s.size()), false);
  if (!ok)
  {
    ExceptionObject e(__FILE__, __LINE__);
    std::string     message(XML_ErrorString(XML_GetErrorCode(parser)));
    e.SetDescription(message.c_str());
    throw e;
  }

  XML_ParserFree(parser);
}

/**
 * Function called by end-users to generate the output DOM object from the input XML file.
 */
void
DOMNodeXMLReader::Update()
{
  std::ifstream is(this->m_FileName.c_str());
  if (!is.is_open())
  {
    itkExceptionMacro("failed openning the input XML file");
  }

  this->Update(is);

  is.close();
}

/** Callback function -- called from XML parser with start-of-element
 * information.
 */
void
DOMNodeXMLReader::StartElement(const char * name, const char ** atts)
{
  OutputType * node = nullptr;
  if (this->m_Context)
  {
    OutputPointer node1 = OutputType::New();
    node = (OutputType *)node1;
    this->m_Context->AddChildAtEnd(node);
  }
  else
  {
    node = this->m_DOMNodeXML;
  }

  node->SetName(name);

  size_t i = 0;
  while (atts[i])
  {
    std::string key(atts[i++]);
    std::string value(atts[i++]);
    if (StringTools::MatchWith(key, "id"))
    {
      node->SetID(value);
    }
    else
    {
      node->SetAttribute(key, value);
    }
  }

  this->m_Context = node;
}

/** Callback function -- called from XML parser when ending tag
 * encountered.
 */
void
DOMNodeXMLReader::EndElement(const char * name)
{
  if (this->m_Context->GetName() != name)
  {
    itkExceptionMacro("start/end tag names mismatch");
  }

  this->m_Context = this->m_Context->GetParent();
}

/** Callback function -- called from XML parser with the character data
 * for an XML element.
 */
void
DOMNodeXMLReader::CharacterDataHandler(const char * text, int len)
{
  std::string s(text, len);

  StringTools::Trim(s);
  if (s.empty())
  {
    return;
  }

  this->m_Context->AddTextChildAtEnd(s);
}

} // namespace itk