/*=========================================================================
 *
 *  Copyright NumFOCUS
 *
 *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *         https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt
 *
 *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *  limitations under the License.
 *
 *=========================================================================*/
#ifndef itkOctree_hxx
#define itkOctree_hxx


namespace itk
{
template <typename TPixel, unsigned int ColorTableSize, typename MappingFunctionType>
Octree<TPixel, ColorTableSize, MappingFunctionType>::Octree()
  : m_Tree()
{
  m_TrueDims[0] = 0;
  m_TrueDims[1] = 1;
  m_TrueDims[2] = 2;
  m_Tree.SetParentOctree(this);
}

template <typename TPixel, unsigned int ColorTableSize, typename MappingFunctionType>
Octree<TPixel, ColorTableSize, MappingFunctionType>::~Octree()
{ /*Nothing to be done here*/
}

template <typename TPixel, unsigned int ColorTableSize, typename MappingFunctionType>
void
Octree<TPixel, ColorTableSize, MappingFunctionType>::SetTrueDims(const unsigned int Dim0,
                                                                 const unsigned int Dim1,
                                                                 const unsigned int Dim2)
{
  this->m_TrueDims[0] = Dim0;
  this->m_TrueDims[1] = Dim1;
  this->m_TrueDims[2] = Dim2;
}

/** This is moving bits to get the values of the 8 octants
 *   Possible values are the 3 bits to be set.
 *   0   000 Contains origin
 *   1   001
 *   2   010
 *   3   011
 *   4   100
 *   5   101
 *   6   110
 *   7   111 Contains extents
 *   ....^^^
 *   ....|| The LSB is 1 if requested X voxel is greater than X centerline of subcube
 *   ....|  The middle bit is 1 if requested Y voxel is greater than Y centerline of subcube
 *   ....   The MSB is 1 if requested Z voxel is greater than Z centerline of subcube
 *   \author Hans J. Johnson, adapted from Vincent A. Magnotta
 *   \param VoxX The desired voxel
 *   \param VoxY The desired voxel
 *   \param VoxZ The desired voxel
 *   \param CenterLineX The division line between octants
 *   \param CenterLineY The division line between octants
 *   \param CenterLineZ The division line between octants
 *   \return The octant that the voxel falls into.
 */
inline unsigned int
OCTREE_OCTANT(const unsigned int VoxX,
              const unsigned int CenterLineX,
              const unsigned int VoxY,
              const unsigned int CenterLineY,
              const unsigned int VoxZ,
              const unsigned int CenterLineZ)
{
  return (
    ((static_cast<unsigned int>(VoxZ >= CenterLineZ) << 2) | (static_cast<unsigned int>(VoxY >= CenterLineY) << 1)) |
    (static_cast<unsigned int>(VoxX >= CenterLineX)));
}

/**
 * \defgroup Octant directional identifying functions
 * These functions determine if the directions are in the "lower" or
 * "upper" portion of the Octree in the given directions.
 * @{
 */
inline unsigned int
XF(const unsigned int octantID)
{
  return octantID & 1; // Just return 1 if 0th bit is a one
}

inline unsigned int
YF(const unsigned int octantID)
{
  return (octantID >> 1) & 1; // Just return 1 if 1st bit is a one
}

inline unsigned int
ZF(const unsigned int octantID)
{
  return (octantID >> 2) & 1; // Just return 1 if 2nd bit is a one
}

/** @} */ // End of defgroup

template <typename TPixel, unsigned int ColorTableSize, typename MappingFunctionType>
int
Octree<TPixel, ColorTableSize, MappingFunctionType>::GetValue(const unsigned int Dim0,
                                                              const unsigned int Dim1,
                                                              const unsigned int Dim2)
{
  if ((Dim2 >= this->m_TrueDims[2]) || (Dim1 >= this->m_TrueDims[1]) || (Dim0 >= this->m_TrueDims[0]))
  {
    return 0;
  }

  // Define CurrentOctreeNode at the Octree head Node
  OctreeNode * CurrentOctreeNode = &m_Tree;
  // Define the origin of current OctreeNode
  unsigned int ox = 0, oy = 0, oz = 0;
  // Define the halfwidth, this will be changed inside of while loop
  unsigned int halfwidth = this->m_Width;

  while ((CurrentOctreeNode->IsNodeColored()) == false)
  {
    // NOTE:  halfwidth=halfwidth/2 is the same as halfwidth >> 1
    halfwidth = halfwidth >> 1;
    const unsigned int octantID = OCTREE_OCTANT(Dim0, ox + halfwidth, Dim1, oy + halfwidth, Dim2, oz + halfwidth);
    // Determine new origin for next child.
    ox = ox + XF(octantID) * halfwidth;
    oy = oy + YF(octantID) * halfwidth;
    oz = oz + ZF(octantID) * halfwidth;

    CurrentOctreeNode = &CurrentOctreeNode->GetChild(static_cast<OctreeNode::LeafIdentifierEnum>(octantID));
  }
  return CurrentOctreeNode->GetColor();
}

template <typename TPixel, unsigned int ColorTableSize, typename MappingFunctionType>
OctreeNodeBranch *
Octree<TPixel, ColorTableSize, MappingFunctionType>::maskToOctree(const TPixel * Mask,
                                                                  unsigned int   width,
                                                                  unsigned int   x,
                                                                  unsigned int   y,
                                                                  unsigned int   z,
                                                                  unsigned int   xsize,
                                                                  unsigned int   ysize,
                                                                  unsigned int   zsize)
{
  if ((x >= xsize) || (y >= ysize) || (z >= zsize))
  {
    return m_ColorTable + B2_MASKFILE_BLACK;
  }
  if (width == 1)
  {
    return m_ColorTable + m_MappingFunction.Evaluate(&Mask[z * ysize * xsize + y * xsize + x]);
  }
  width /= 2;
  OctreeNodeBranch * nodeArray[8];
  nodeArray[0] = this->maskToOctree(Mask, width, x, y, z, xsize, ysize, zsize);
  nodeArray[1] = this->maskToOctree(Mask, width, x + width, y, z, xsize, ysize, zsize);
  nodeArray[2] = this->maskToOctree(Mask, width, x, y + width, z, xsize, ysize, zsize);
  nodeArray[3] = this->maskToOctree(Mask, width, x + width, y + width, z, xsize, ysize, zsize);
  nodeArray[4] = this->maskToOctree(Mask, width, x, y, z + width, xsize, ysize, zsize);
  nodeArray[5] = this->maskToOctree(Mask, width, x + width, y, z + width, xsize, ysize, zsize);
  nodeArray[6] = this->maskToOctree(Mask, width, x, y + width, z + width, xsize, ysize, zsize);
  nodeArray[7] = this->maskToOctree(Mask, width, x + width, y + width, z + width, xsize, ysize, zsize);

  if ((nodeArray[0] == nodeArray[1]) && (nodeArray[0] == nodeArray[2]) && (nodeArray[0] == nodeArray[3]) &&
      (nodeArray[0] == nodeArray[4]) && (nodeArray[0] == nodeArray[5]) && (nodeArray[0] == nodeArray[6]) &&
      (nodeArray[0] == nodeArray[7]))
  {
    return nodeArray[0];
  }
  else
  {
    auto * q = new OctreeNodeBranch(this);

    {
      OctreeNode * newbranch = q->GetLeaf(OctreeNode::LeafIdentifierEnum::ZERO);
      newbranch->SetBranch(nodeArray[static_cast<uint8_t>(OctreeNode::LeafIdentifierEnum::ZERO)]);
    }
    {
      OctreeNode * newbranch = q->GetLeaf(OctreeNode::LeafIdentifierEnum::ONE);
      newbranch->SetBranch(nodeArray[static_cast<uint8_t>(OctreeNode::LeafIdentifierEnum::ONE)]);
    }
    {
      OctreeNode * newbranch = q->GetLeaf(OctreeNode::LeafIdentifierEnum::TWO);
      newbranch->SetBranch(nodeArray[static_cast<uint8_t>(OctreeNode::LeafIdentifierEnum::TWO)]);
    }
    {
      OctreeNode * newbranch = q->GetLeaf(OctreeNode::LeafIdentifierEnum::THREE);
      newbranch->SetBranch(nodeArray[static_cast<uint8_t>(OctreeNode::LeafIdentifierEnum::THREE)]);
    }
    {
      OctreeNode * newbranch = q->GetLeaf(OctreeNode::LeafIdentifierEnum::FOUR);
      newbranch->SetBranch(nodeArray[static_cast<uint8_t>(OctreeNode::LeafIdentifierEnum::FOUR)]);
    }
    {
      OctreeNode * newbranch = q->GetLeaf(OctreeNode::LeafIdentifierEnum::FIVE);
      newbranch->SetBranch(nodeArray[static_cast<uint8_t>(OctreeNode::LeafIdentifierEnum::FIVE)]);
    }
    {
      OctreeNode * newbranch = q->GetLeaf(OctreeNode::LeafIdentifierEnum::SIX);
      newbranch->SetBranch(nodeArray[static_cast<uint8_t>(OctreeNode::LeafIdentifierEnum::SIX)]);
    }
    {
      OctreeNode * newbranch = q->GetLeaf(OctreeNode::LeafIdentifierEnum::SEVEN);
      newbranch->SetBranch(nodeArray[static_cast<uint8_t>(OctreeNode::LeafIdentifierEnum::SEVEN)]);
    }
    return (q);
  }
}

template <typename TPixel, unsigned int ColorTableSize, typename MappingFunctionType>
void
Octree<TPixel, ColorTableSize, MappingFunctionType>::BuildFromBuffer(const void *       frombuffer,
                                                                     const unsigned int xsize,
                                                                     const unsigned int ysize,
                                                                     const unsigned int zsize)
{
  unsigned int maxSize = xsize >= ysize ? (xsize >= zsize ? xsize : zsize) : (ysize >= zsize ? ysize : zsize);
  unsigned int width = 1;
  unsigned int depth = 0;

  while (width < maxSize)
  {
    width *= 2;
    ++depth;
  }
  this->SetDepth(depth);
  this->SetWidth(width);
  m_TrueDims[0] = xsize;
  m_TrueDims[1] = ysize;
  m_TrueDims[2] = zsize;
  const auto *       bufcast = static_cast<const TPixel *>(frombuffer);
  OctreeNodeBranch * branch = this->maskToOctree(bufcast, width, 0, 0, 0, xsize, ysize, zsize);
  m_Tree.SetBranch(branch);
}

template <typename TPixel, unsigned int ColorTableSize, typename MappingFunctionType>
void
Octree<TPixel, ColorTableSize, MappingFunctionType>::BuildFromImage(ImageType * fromImage)
{
  const typename Image<TPixel, 3>::RegionType & region = fromImage->GetLargestPossibleRegion();
  const SizeValueType                           xsize = region.GetSize(0);
  const SizeValueType                           ysize = region.GetSize(1);
  const SizeValueType                           zsize = region.GetSize(2);
  this->BuildFromBuffer(static_cast<void *>(fromImage->GetBufferPointer()), xsize, ysize, zsize);
}

template <typename TPixel, unsigned int ColorTableSize, typename MappingFunctionType>
auto
Octree<TPixel, ColorTableSize, MappingFunctionType>::GetImage() -> ImageTypePointer
{
  typename ImageType::SizeType imageSize = { { 0, 0, 0 } };
  SizeValueType                sizes[3];
  sizes[0] = m_TrueDims[0];
  sizes[1] = m_TrueDims[1];
  sizes[2] = m_TrueDims[2];
  imageSize.SetSize(sizes);
  const typename ImageType::IndexType  imageIndex = { { 0, 0, 0 } };
  const typename ImageType::RegionType region(imageIndex, imageSize);
  auto                                 img = ImageType::New();
  img->SetRegions(region);
  img->Allocate();
  typename ImageType::IndexType setIndex;
  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < m_TrueDims[0]; ++i)
  {
    setIndex[0] = i;
    for (unsigned int j = 0; j < m_TrueDims[0]; ++j)
    {
      setIndex[1] = j;
      for (unsigned int k = 0; k < m_TrueDims[0]; ++k)
      {
        setIndex[2] = k;
        img->SetPixel(setIndex, (TPixel)this->GetValue(i, j, k));
      }
    }
  }
  return img;
}

template <typename TPixel, unsigned int ColorTableSize, typename MappingFunctionType>
OctreeNode *
Octree<TPixel, ColorTableSize, MappingFunctionType>::GetTree()
{
  return &m_Tree;
}

template <typename TPixel, unsigned int ColorTableSize, typename MappingFunctionType>
void
Octree<TPixel, ColorTableSize, MappingFunctionType>::SetWidth(unsigned int width)
{
  m_Width = width;
}

template <typename TPixel, unsigned int ColorTableSize, typename MappingFunctionType>
void
Octree<TPixel, ColorTableSize, MappingFunctionType>::SetDepth(unsigned int depth)
{
  m_Depth = depth;
}

template <typename TPixel, unsigned int ColorTableSize, typename MappingFunctionType>
unsigned int
Octree<TPixel, ColorTableSize, MappingFunctionType>::GetWidth()
{
  return m_Width;
}

template <typename TPixel, unsigned int ColorTableSize, typename MappingFunctionType>
unsigned int
Octree<TPixel, ColorTableSize, MappingFunctionType>::GetDepth()
{
  return m_Depth;
}

template <typename TPixel, unsigned int ColorTableSize, typename MappingFunctionType>
const OctreeNodeBranch *
Octree<TPixel, ColorTableSize, MappingFunctionType>::GetColorTable() const
{
  return m_ColorTable;
}

template <typename TPixel, unsigned int ColorTableSize, typename MappingFunctionType>
int
Octree<TPixel, ColorTableSize, MappingFunctionType>::GetColorTableSize() const
{
  return ColorTableSize;
}
} // namespace itk

#endif