/**************************************************************************/
/*                                                                        */
/*                                 OCaml                                  */
/*                                                                        */
/*             Xavier Leroy, projet Cristal, INRIA Rocquencourt           */
/*                                                                        */
/*   Copyright 1996 Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et     */
/*     en Automatique.                                                    */
/*                                                                        */
/*   All rights reserved.  This file is distributed under the terms of    */
/*   the GNU Lesser General Public License version 2.1, with the          */
/*   special exception on linking described in the file LICENSE.          */
/*                                                                        */
/**************************************************************************/

#define CAML_INTERNALS

/* Callbacks from C to OCaml */

#include <string.h>
#include "caml/alloc.h"
#include "caml/callback.h"
#include "caml/codefrag.h"
#include "caml/fail.h"
#include "caml/fiber.h"
#include "caml/memory.h"
#include "caml/mlvalues.h"
#include "caml/platform.h"

/* A note about callbacks and GC.  For best performance, a callback such as
     [caml_callback_exn(value closure, value arg)]
   should not extend the lifetime of the values [closure]
   and [arg] any farther than necessary, that is, they should not be
   registered as GC roots when the function call actually happens.

   This mirrors the reachability/lifetime guarantees provided by
   function calls in OCaml code, where the arguments can be collected
   as soon as they are not used anymore within the function body.

   The closure and its arguments may still have to be registered as
   GC roots, typically across a call to [alloc_and_clear_stack_parent] below,
   but registration should stop before the actual callback.

   See #12121 for more discussion. */

/*
 * These functions are to ensure effects are handled correctly inside
 * callbacks. There are two aspects:
 *  - we clear the stack parent for a callback to force an Effect.Unhandled
 *  exception rather than effects being passed over the callback
 *  - we register the stack parent as a local root while the callback
 * is executing to ensure that the garbage collector follows the
 * stack parent
 */
Caml_inline value alloc_and_clear_stack_parent(caml_domain_state* domain_state)
{
  struct stack_info* parent_stack = Stack_parent(domain_state->current_stack);
  if (parent_stack == NULL) {
    return Val_unit;
  } else {
    value cont = caml_alloc_2(Cont_tag, Val_ptr(parent_stack), Val_long(0));
    Stack_parent(domain_state->current_stack) = NULL;
    return cont;
  }
}

Caml_inline void restore_stack_parent(caml_domain_state* domain_state,
                                      value cont)
{
  CAMLassert(Stack_parent(domain_state->current_stack) == NULL);
  if (Is_block(cont)) {
    struct stack_info* parent_stack = Ptr_val(Op_val(cont)[0]);
    Stack_parent(domain_state->current_stack) = parent_stack;
  }
}

#ifndef NATIVE_CODE

/* Bytecode callbacks */

#include "caml/interp.h"
#include "caml/instruct.h"
#include "caml/fix_code.h"
#include "caml/fiber.h"

static opcode_t callback_code[] = { STOP };

void caml_init_callbacks(void)
{
  caml_register_code_fragment((char *) callback_code,
                              (char *) callback_code + sizeof(callback_code),
                              DIGEST_IGNORE, NULL);
#ifdef THREADED_CODE
  caml_thread_code(callback_code, sizeof(callback_code));
#endif
}

CAMLexport value caml_callbackN_exn(value closure, int narg, value args[])
{
  CAMLparam1(closure); /* no need to register args as roots, see below */
  CAMLlocal1(cont);
  value res;
  caml_domain_state* domain_state = Caml_state;

  /* Ensure there's enough stack space */
  intnat req = narg + 3 + Stack_threshold_words;
  if (domain_state->current_stack->sp - req <
      Stack_base(domain_state->current_stack))
    if (!caml_try_realloc_stack(req))
      caml_raise_stack_overflow();

  /* Push the arguments on the stack */
  domain_state->current_stack->sp -= narg + 3;
  for (int i = 0; i < narg; i++)
    domain_state->current_stack->sp[i] = args[i]; /* arguments */

  /* Push a return frame */
  domain_state->current_stack->sp[narg] =
                     (value)callback_code; /* return address */
  domain_state->current_stack->sp[narg + 1] = Val_unit;    /* environment */
  domain_state->current_stack->sp[narg + 2] = Val_long(0); /* extra args */

  cont = alloc_and_clear_stack_parent(domain_state);
  /* This can call the GC and invalidate the values [args].
     However, they are never used afterwards,
     as they were copied into the root [domain_state->current_stack]. */

  caml_update_young_limit_after_c_call(domain_state);
  res = caml_bytecode_interpreter(Code_val(closure), 0 /* unknown size */,
                                  closure, /* environment */
                                  narg - 1 /* extra args beyond the 1st */);
  if (Is_exception_result(res))
    domain_state->current_stack->sp += narg + 3; /* PR#3419 */

  restore_stack_parent(domain_state, cont);

  CAMLreturn (res);
}

CAMLexport value caml_callback_exn(value closure, value arg1)
{
  value arg[1];
  arg[0] = arg1;
  return caml_callbackN_exn(closure, 1, arg);
}

CAMLexport value caml_callback2_exn(value closure, value arg1, value arg2)
{
  value arg[2];
  arg[0] = arg1;
  arg[1] = arg2;
  return caml_callbackN_exn(closure, 2, arg);
}

CAMLexport value caml_callback3_exn(value closure,
                               value arg1, value arg2, value arg3)
{
  value arg[3];
  arg[0] = arg1;
  arg[1] = arg2;
  arg[2] = arg3;
  return caml_callbackN_exn(closure, 3, arg);
}

#else

/* Native-code callbacks.  caml_callback[123]_asm are implemented in asm. */

void caml_init_callbacks(void)
{
  /* Nothing to do */
}

typedef value (callback_stub)(caml_domain_state* state,
                              value closure,
                              value* args);

callback_stub caml_callback_asm, caml_callback2_asm, caml_callback3_asm;

CAMLexport value caml_callback_exn(value closure, value arg)
{
  Caml_check_caml_state();
  caml_domain_state* domain_state = Caml_state;
  caml_maybe_expand_stack();

  if (Stack_parent(domain_state->current_stack)) {
    value cont, res;

    /* [closure] and [arg] need to be preserved across the allocation
       of the stack parent, but need not and should not be registered
       as roots past this allocation. */
    Begin_roots2(closure, arg);
    cont = alloc_and_clear_stack_parent(domain_state);
    End_roots();

    Begin_roots1(cont);
    caml_update_young_limit_after_c_call(domain_state);
    res = caml_callback_asm(domain_state, closure, &arg);
    End_roots();

    restore_stack_parent(domain_state, cont);

    return res;
  } else {
    caml_update_young_limit_after_c_call(domain_state);
    return caml_callback_asm(domain_state, closure, &arg);
  }
}

CAMLexport value caml_callback2_exn(value closure, value arg1, value arg2)
{
  Caml_check_caml_state();
  caml_domain_state* domain_state = Caml_state;
  caml_maybe_expand_stack();

  if (Stack_parent(domain_state->current_stack)) {
    value cont, res;

    /* Root registration policy: see caml_callback_exn. */
    Begin_roots3(closure, arg1, arg2);
    cont = alloc_and_clear_stack_parent(domain_state);
    End_roots();

    Begin_roots1(cont);
    value args[] = {arg1, arg2};
    caml_update_young_limit_after_c_call(domain_state);
    res = caml_callback2_asm(domain_state, closure, args);
    End_roots();

    restore_stack_parent(domain_state, cont);

    return res;
  } else {
    value args[] = {arg1, arg2};
    caml_update_young_limit_after_c_call(domain_state);
    return caml_callback2_asm(domain_state, closure, args);
  }
}

CAMLexport value caml_callback3_exn(value closure,
                                    value arg1, value arg2, value arg3)
{
  Caml_check_caml_state();
  caml_domain_state* domain_state = Caml_state;
  caml_maybe_expand_stack();

  if (Stack_parent(domain_state->current_stack))  {
    value cont, res;

    /* Root registration policy: see caml_callback_exn. */
    Begin_roots4(closure, arg1, arg2, arg3);
    cont = alloc_and_clear_stack_parent(domain_state);
    End_roots();

    Begin_root(cont);
    value args[] = {arg1, arg2, arg3};
    caml_update_young_limit_after_c_call(domain_state);
    res = caml_callback3_asm(domain_state, closure, args);
    End_roots();

    restore_stack_parent(domain_state, cont);

    return res;
  } else {
    value args[] = {arg1, arg2, arg3};
    caml_update_young_limit_after_c_call(domain_state);
    return caml_callback3_asm(domain_state, closure, args);
  }
}

CAMLexport value caml_callbackN_exn(value closure, int narg, value args[]) {
  while (narg >= 3) {
    /* We apply the first 3 arguments to get a new closure,
       and continue with the remaining arguments. */
    value *remaining_args = args + 3;
    int remaining_narg = narg - 3;

    /* We need to register the remaining arguments as roots
       in case a GC occurs during [caml_callback3_exn].
       Arguments 0, 1 and 2 need not and should not be registered. */
    Begin_roots_block(remaining_args, remaining_narg);
    closure = caml_callback3_exn(closure, args[0], args[1], args[2]);
    End_roots();

    if (Is_exception_result(closure)) return closure;

    args = remaining_args;
    narg = remaining_narg;
  }
  switch (narg) {
  case 0:
    return closure;
  case 1:
    return caml_callback_exn(closure, args[0]);
  default: /* case 2: */
    return caml_callback2_exn(closure, args[0], args[1]);
  }
}

#endif

/* Result-returning variants of the above */

Caml_inline caml_result Result_encoded(value encoded)
{
  if (Is_exception_result(encoded))
    return Result_exception(Extract_exception(encoded));
  else
    return Result_value(encoded);
}

CAMLexport caml_result caml_callbackN_res(
  value closure, int narg, value args[])
{
  return Result_encoded(caml_callbackN_exn(closure, narg, args));
}

CAMLexport caml_result caml_callback_res(
  value closure, value arg)
{
  return Result_encoded(caml_callback_exn(closure, arg));
}

CAMLexport caml_result caml_callback2_res(
  value closure, value arg1, value arg2)
{
  return Result_encoded(caml_callback2_exn(closure, arg1, arg2));
}

CAMLexport caml_result caml_callback3_res(
  value closure, value arg1, value arg2, value arg3)
{
  return Result_encoded(caml_callback3_exn(closure, arg1, arg2, arg3));
}


/* Exception-propagating variants of the above */

static value encoded_value_or_raise(value res)
{
  if (Is_exception_result(res)) caml_raise(Extract_exception(res));
  return res;
}

CAMLexport value caml_callback (value closure, value arg)
{
  return encoded_value_or_raise(caml_callback_exn(closure, arg));
}

CAMLexport value caml_callback2 (value closure, value arg1, value arg2)
{
  return encoded_value_or_raise(caml_callback2_exn(closure, arg1, arg2));
}

CAMLexport value caml_callback3 (value closure, value arg1, value arg2,
                                 value arg3)
{
  return encoded_value_or_raise(caml_callback3_exn(closure, arg1, arg2, arg3));
}

CAMLexport value caml_callbackN (value closure, int narg, value args[])
{
  return encoded_value_or_raise(caml_callbackN_exn(closure, narg, args));
}

/* Naming of OCaml values */

struct named_value {
  value val;
  struct named_value * next;
  char name[]; /* flexible array member */
};

#define Named_value_size 13

static struct named_value * named_value_table[Named_value_size] = { NULL, };
static caml_plat_mutex named_value_lock = CAML_PLAT_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;

static unsigned int hash_value_name(char const *name)
{
  unsigned int h;
  /* "djb2" hash function */
  for (h = 5381; *name != 0; name++) h = h * 33 + *name;
  return h % Named_value_size;
}

CAMLprim value caml_register_named_value(value vname, value val)
{
  CAMLparam2(vname, val);
  const char * name = String_val(vname);
  unsigned int h = hash_value_name(name);
  int found = 0;

  caml_plat_lock_non_blocking(&named_value_lock);
  name = NULL; /* block may have moved while we waited for the lock. */
  for (struct named_value *nv = named_value_table[h];
       nv != NULL;
       nv = nv->next) {
    if (strcmp(String_val(vname), nv->name) == 0) {
      caml_modify_generational_global_root(&nv->val, val);
      found = 1;
      break;
    }
  }
  if (!found) {
    size_t namelen = strlen(String_val(vname));
    struct named_value * nv =
      caml_stat_alloc(sizeof(struct named_value) + namelen + 1);
    memcpy(nv->name, String_val(vname), namelen + 1);
    nv->val = val;
    nv->next = named_value_table[h];
    named_value_table[h] = nv;
    caml_register_generational_global_root(&nv->val);
  }
  caml_plat_unlock(&named_value_lock);
  CAMLreturn(Val_unit);
}

CAMLexport const value* caml_named_value(char const *name)
{
  caml_plat_lock_non_blocking(&named_value_lock);
  for (struct named_value *nv = named_value_table[hash_value_name(name)];
       nv != NULL;
       nv = nv->next) {
    if (strcmp(name, nv->name) == 0){
      caml_plat_unlock(&named_value_lock);
      return &nv->val;
    }
  }
  caml_plat_unlock(&named_value_lock);
  return NULL;
}

CAMLexport void caml_iterate_named_values(caml_named_action f)
{
  caml_plat_lock_non_blocking(&named_value_lock);
  for (int i = 0; i < Named_value_size; i++){
    for (struct named_value *nv = named_value_table[i];
         nv != NULL;
         nv = nv->next) {
      f( Op_val(nv->val), nv->name );
    }
  }
  caml_plat_unlock(&named_value_lock);
}